Do you Know which is the First Public Library in India?

Are you a book lover who is always on the hunt for ancient and rare books? Or perhaps you find peace in exploring hidden local libraries nearby? Now, imagine a library that began as a private collection for the elite and evolved into a public treasure trove of knowledge. Curious yet? Established in 1829 to honour Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee, this library has witnessed centuries of change, from royal patronage to becoming a central hub for knowledge. But what truly sets it apart from other libraries in India? Nestled in the heart of Thiruvananthapuram, it’s none other than the first public library in India—a must-visit spot for book lovers and history enthusiasts alike. Want to know more? Stick around as we dive deeper into this literary journey!

A Glimpse into the History of India’s First Public Library

The origins of the State Central Library, once known as the Trivandrum People's Library, date back to 1829 during the reign of King Swathi Thirunal of the Travancore Kingdom. The library was initially conceived to provide access to knowledge and literature to a select few in society. Under the guidance of British Resident Colonel Edward Cadogan, grandson of Sir Hans Sloane, the founder of the British Museum, the library was curated with an impressive collection of books, most of which were sourced from British administrators and collectors.

At first, the library was intended solely for the royal durbar and the elite class, limiting access to a privileged few. However, in a groundbreaking move, the library opened its doors to the general public in 1898, marking a pivotal moment in India’s history. By 1900, a new building in the Gothic architectural style was constructed to commemorate Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. This building became a symbol of colonial influence and intellectual progress.

After independence, the library underwent various transformations, and in 1958, it was officially declared the State Central Library of Kerala. Today, the library houses over 3.88 lakh books, including a vast collection in Malayalam, and continues to serve as a hub for culture, education, and research in Kerala.

The Digital Transformation of India’s First Public Library

The State Central Library’s journey into the digital age is a testament to its ability to adapt and stay relevant in the modern era. Over the years, it has transformed from a traditional book haven into a digital library, offering services that go beyond physical books. In fact, it holds the distinction of being the first digital public library in India.

While the library’s striking Gothic architecture and historical collections remain its backbone, its digital repository is equally impressive. Today, the library’s digital collection consists of 707 rare documents and 480 digitised books, available for easy online access. The digital transition has enabled scholars and readers from around the world to access valuable literature, ensuring the preservation of rare works for future generations.

In the early 21st century, the library embraced technology with online reservations, RFID technology for tracking books, and even a dedicated multimedia section. This shift has made the library more accessible not only to locals but also to digital visitors from across the globe. With its open-source digital repository, the library offers an extensive collection of reports, dissertations, and scientific publications—contributing immensely to the academic landscape of Kerala and India.

Preserving Heritage While Embracing the Future

The State Central Library is a prime example of colonial-era architecture, with its majestic Gothic design and distinctive red-and-white brickwork. The original building, constructed in 1902, embodies both the colonial influence and the rich heritage of Kerala’s intellectual history. With its high ceilings, large windows, and expansive reading rooms, the building continues to captivate visitors who walk through its hallowed halls. Designed in a traditional Victorian style, the library was meant to impress both visually and intellectually. Its association with Queen Victoria’s Diamond Jubilee further elevates its significance, creating a direct link between India’s colonial past and the cultural progress of the time. Today, the library not only stands as a historical landmark but also as an architectural marvel that showcases the legacy of colonial influence in Kerala. In modern times, the State Central Library has evolved into a multifaceted institution.

Apart from its vast collection of books, it has various sections dedicated to different languages and genres. From Malayalam literature to English, Hindi, Sanskrit, and Tamil, the library offers a diverse range of reading material to satisfy the intellectual curiosity of every visitor. Moreover, the library’s continued commitment to innovation ensures that it remains relevant in the digital age. With services like online book reservations and the introduction of RFID technology, the library has seamlessly blended tradition with modernity. Today, with over 1.5 lakh members, the State Central Library is more than just a place for books—it is a vibrant community hub that brings together people of all ages and backgrounds.

One of the library’s most notable features is its dedication to children’s literature. The “New Heritage Model” building, dedicated to young readers, serves as a beacon for nurturing the love of reading among the younger generation. The library also offers a range of educational programs, including a certificate course in library science, and continues to host several cultural events and reading programs throughout the year. So, next time you're in Thiruvananthapuram, don’t forget to explore this remarkable institution and immerse yourself in its vibrant past and promising future.

Where: Mahatma Gandhi Rd, Near Kerala University Stadium, University of Kerala Senate House Campus, Palayam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala

When: 8 a.m. to 8 p.m.